SPACERIUM

  Parent Star: PDS 70 Stellar Classification : T Tauri-type Young Star Age : Approximately 5.4 million years Mass : 0.76 ± 0.05 solar masses Spectral Type : K7-M0 Location : Centaurus Constellation Distance from Earth : 370 light-years Planetary System Architecture The PDS 70 system represents a critical astronomical laboratory, featuring: A young protoplanetary disk Multiple planetary embryos Active planetary formation processes Detailed Planetary Characteristics of PDS 70b Fundamental Physical Parameters Mass : 4.2 ± 0.5 Jupiter masses Radius : 2.1 ± 0.3 Jupiter radii Surface Temperature : 1,200-1,400 Kelvin Orbital Period : Approximately 118 Earth years Orbital Distance : 22 astronomical units Orbital Eccentricity : 0.38 ± 0.05 Planetary Interior Structure Core Composition Core Mass : Estimated 10-15 Earth masses Composition : Mixture of rocky materials, metallic elements ...

The search for exoplanets—planets that orbit stars outside our solar system—has yielded many fascinating discoveries. One of the most recent is TOI-1231 b , a unique exoplanet that offers exciting opportunities for scientists to explore atmospheres beyond our solar neighborhood. Discovered in 2021 by NASA’s Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite (TESS) and confirmed by additional ground-based observations, TOI-1231 b has quickly become a topic of interest due to its favorable characteristics and potential to offer insights into water-rich planetary systems. Discovery of TOI-1231 b TOI-1231 b was first identified by TESS, a NASA mission designed to survey the brightest stars near the Earth for transiting exoplanets. The star system, TOI-1231, lies about 90 light-years away from Earth in the constellation Vela . Astronomers utilized the transit method to detect TOI-1231 b, observing the regular dimming of the host star as the planet passed in front of it, which allowed them to ...

  Imagine a planet hurtling through space at a dizzying 100,000 kilometers per hour – that's Kepler-10b for you, racing around its star faster than any object in our solar system. This "super-Earth" , discovered in 2011 , wasn't just the first confirmed rocky exoplanet – it was a window into a bizarre and captivating world unlike anything we've ever seen. Supersized and Superheated: A Day That Lasts 20 Hours With a radius 1.4 times larger than Earth , Kepler-10b boasts a hefty 2.5 times the volume of our home planet. But unlike Earth's comfortable 24-hour day, a single day on Kepler-10b whizzes by in a mere 20 hours . That's because it orbits its star, Kepler-10, at an scorching distance of 0.016 AU , a staggering 20 times closer than Mercury is to our Sun. The result? A surface temperature exceeding a mind-blowing 2,500 degrees Fahrenheit (1,400 degrees Celsius) – hot enough to melt granite and vaporize most metals! This unrelenting heat would vaporiz...

  Imagine a world whipped by scorching winds, racing around its sun in just over two days. That's Gliese 436b , or Awohali as it was recently named, a captivating exoplanet that defies everything we know about our solar system. Buckle up, space adventurers, because we're diving into a world of hot ice, glass rain, and a tail that would make any comet jealous! A Distant Dance: Awohali's Stellar Address Awohali orbits the red dwarf star Gliese 436, located a staggering 31.9 light-years away in the constellation Leo . Light travels at an incredible speed, but even at that pace, it takes over 31 years to reach us from Awohali! To put that in perspective, the closest star to our Sun, Proxima Centauri, is a mere 4.2 light-years away. This vast distance highlights the immense scale of our universe and the challenges of studying these distant worlds. A Speedy Orbit: A Close Embrace and Breakneck Speed Unlike our eight-planet solar system, Awohali is locked in a tight embrace wit...

  We all must have seen the movie Interstellar, and it seems very inspiring, but is it all true? Yes, it can be true, because in our exoplanet discovery phase, the Kepler telescope has discovered many exoplanets and one of them is Kepler-22b also known as The Ocean Planet , it is exactly like Interstellar's Miller's planet which revolves around a star and not a black hole, it is orbiting right in the habitable zone of our Earth which may be creating an underwater world! Kepler-22b: A Potential Ocean Paradise Imagine a planet eerily similar to our own, bathed in the gentle glow of a sun-like star. This is the tantalizing possibility that Kepler-22b presents. Discovered in 2011 , it was one of the first exoplanets found within the habitable zone of its star, Kepler-22. This "Goldilocks zone" is the sweet spot where liquid water, the essential ingredient for life as we know it, could exist on a planet's surface. Here's where things get truly exciting! Unlike Ea...

  Exoplanets and stars seem so familiar, and it has become common as that thing is no longer unique, but have you seen a real exoplanet? Your answer will be yes, the images we see are real, no, those images are artistic, but scientists have captured a planet for the first time that revolves around a star that is dimmer than itself, I s the star dimmer than the planet? WTF, yes it's absolutely right, and the star's diameter is around 7,00,000 km and the diameter of the planet is around 2,00,000 km , it's strange but true...... Fasten your spacesuits, space explorers! Today, we're setting course for 2M1207b , a colossal exoplanet that holds a pivotal place in our quest to unravel the mysteries of alien worlds. The First to be Seen: A Pioneering Discovery in Exoplanet Imaging Imagine a planet so massive, we could directly capture its image! That's precisely what makes 2M1207b groundbreaking. Discovered in 2004 , it's one of the first exoplanets ever directly ima...

  We have explored many exoplanets, we have seen many unique and mysterious exoplanets, but this one is something different. I don't think any of you would not like cotton candy! So, we have found a similar planet which would be appropriate to call "The Cotton Candy Planet" this is WASP - 193b, it is so light that its mass is not even 10% of Jupiter, and it is orbiting very close to its star Have you ever dreamt of a planet made entirely of cotton candy? A world where fluffy pink clouds stretched as far as the eye could see, just waiting to be plucked and devoured (sugar crash not included, of course)? Well, buckle up space cadets, because astronomers might have just found the next best thing: WASP-193b, the so-called "Cotton Candy Planet"! Lost in Space (But Not Lost in the Stars): Unlike your local candy store, WASP-193b isn't exactly around the corner. This fluffy giant resides a whopping 850 light-years away in the constellation Sextans. That's a cos...

  Citizen science strikes again! Thanks to the collaborative efforts of enthusiastic skywatchers and professional astronomers, a remarkable exoplanet named TOI-4633 c has been discovered. This Neptune-sized world orbits within the habitable zone of a sun-like star, making it a prime candidate in the ever-growing search for life beyond Earth. Discovery Through Collaboration: The story of TOI-4633 c's discovery is a testament to the power of collaboration. Data collected by NASA's Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite (TESS) was meticulously combed through by citizen scientists participating in the Planet Hunters TESS program. This vigilance led to the identification of a subtle dimming in the light of a distant star, TOI-4633 A, caused by the exoplanet transiting (passing in front of) its host star. Further analysis by astronomers confirmed the existence of TOI-4633 c. A World of Possibility: TOI-4633 c is a gas giant, estimated to be roughly 48 times Earth's mass and 3.2 ti...

  J1407b is a cosmic marvel, unlike anything in our own solar system. This giant exoplanet, located a staggering 433.8 light-years away in the constellation Centaurus, boasts the largest ring system ever discovered. Buckle up, space enthusiasts, because J1407b's rings are so vast, they make Saturn's look like mere trinkets. A Ring System Beyond Imagination Imagine a planet adorned with rings that dwarf even the most majestic giants in our solar system. That's J1407b. Its ring system stretches a mind-boggling 180 million kilometers (112 million miles) across. To put that in perspective, that's wider than the distance between the Sun and Earth!  At 200 times the size of Saturn's rings, J1407b's rings are truly colossal. Discovery and Nature of the Beast Discovered in 2012, J1407b wasn't spotted directly. Instead, astronomers cleverly observed the dimming of its parent star, J1407, over a 56-day period. This long and complex eclipse hinted at a massive object w...

  Have you ever looked up at the night sky and wondered if there are other Earths out there? Well, thanks to NASA's Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite (TESS), we might be getting closer to an answer. Enter TOI-715b, a recently discovered exoplanet that has sent shivers of excitement down the spines of astronomers. Let's explore this "Super-Earth" and delve into its secrets! A Distant Address: A Red Dwarf Neighborhood TOI-715b calls a place 137 light-years away home. That's a mind-boggling distance! It orbits a cool, dim star designated TOI-715, a member of the M-dwarf class. These stars are smaller and cooler than our Sun, but they're also the most common type in the galaxy, making them prime real estate in the search for habitable worlds. But there's more to the story of M-dwarfs. They are known for stellar flares, intense bursts of radiation that could potentially harm any life on orbiting planets.  Future observations will be crucial to determine the...

  Imagine a world unlike any you've ever seen. A scorching gas giant where temperatures reach over 4,350 degrees Fahrenheit (2,400 degrees Celsius). Here, iron rains down from the skies, not as a solid metal, but as superheated vapor. This is the bizarre and fascinating world of WASP-76b. A Fiery Giant Close to its Star WASP-76b is a distant exoplanet, located roughly 640 light-years away in the constellation Pisces. Discovered in 2013, this monster of a planet falls under the classification of a "hot Jupiter." These gas giants share similarities with our own Jupiter, but with a dramatic twist: they orbit their stars incredibly close. In WASP-76b's case, it circles its host star in less than two Earth days, this planet revolves around its parent yellow star at a distance of 30 million miles. If we compare it with Jupiter, Jupiter is 484 million miles away from the sun. Even this planet revolves closer than Mercury, the nearest planet to our sun. The distance between M...

  WASP-43b, also known by its celestial moniker Astrolábos, is a fascinating exoplanet offering a glimpse into extreme stellar environments. Buckle up, as we delve into its discovery, fiery disposition, and what it reveals about the diverse worlds beyond our solar system. Discovery and Location: A Blazing Star and Its Close Companion WASP-43b was discovered in 2011 by the SuperWASP (Wide Angle Search for Planets) program. It circles a young and active K-type star named WASP-43, located roughly 87 light-years away in the constellation Sextans. Fiery Embrace: A Hostile World Unlike the calm orbits of our solar system planets, WASP-43b is locked in a scorching dance with its star. It completes a full revolution in a mere 20 hours, placing it incredibly close – a mere 0.0142 astronomical units (AU) away. This proximity subjects the exoplanet to intense stellar radiation, making it a blistering hot Jupiter with a dayside temperature exceeding 4,600 degrees Celsius (around 8,300 degrees ...

The hunt for life beyond Earth has taken a fascinating turn with K2-18b, a distant exoplanet that keeps revealing itself to be a more and more promising candidate. Recent studies have strengthened the case for K2-18b's potential to harbor life, and scientists have even detected intriguing hints in its atmosphere. Why K2-18b Stands Out First discovered in 2015, K2-18b is located a whopping 124 light-years away. But what makes it special is its location within its star system's habitable zone. This "Goldilocks zone" is the area around a star where temperatures are just right for liquid water to exist on a planet's surface – a key ingredient for life as we know it. Beyond Just the Habitable Zone In 2019, things got even more exciting when water vapor was spotted in K2-18b's atmosphere. This discovery fueled the fire of possibility. Then, in 2023, the James Webb Space Telescope came into play, performing a detailed analysis of the planet's atmosphere. Intrigui...

K2-18b, a captivating super-Earth exoplanet, has captured the imagination of astronomers and astrobiologists alike. Discovered in 2015, this intriguing world offers a glimpse into the possibility of life beyond our solar system. Let's delve into what makes K2-18b so interesting. Super Earth Characteristics K2-18b resides roughly 120 light-years away in the constellation Leo. Unlike our Earth orbiting a yellow sun, K2-18b circles a red dwarf star, cooler and fainter than our sun. Despite its cooler host, K2-18b sits within the habitable zone, the region where liquid water could potentially exist on a planet's surface. K2-18b is a true super-Earth, boasting a size 2.2 times Earth's radius and a mass a whopping 8.6 times greater. This extra mass suggests a denser composition, potentially rich in elements heavier than those found on Earth. Day & Night on k2-18b K2-18b's day and night cycle is quite different from what we experience on Earth. Here's the breakdown: Ti...